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ON THIS DATE - Shared from Wikipedia
1900 – The Scofield mine disaster kills over 200 men in Scofield, Utah in what is to date the fifth-worst mining accident in United States history .
1901 – The Pan-American Exposition opens in Buffalo, New York .
1915 – The RMS Lusitania departs from New York City on her two hundred and second, and final, crossing of the North Atlantic . Six days later, the ship is torpedoed off the coast of Ireland with the loss of 1,198 lives, including 128 Americans, rousing American sentiment against Germany .
1925 – The All-China Federation of Trade Unions is officially founded. Today it is the largest trade union in the world, with 134 million members.
1925 – The first Ritual of the Calling of an Engineer was held at the University of Toronto, Canada.
1927 – The first cooked meals on a scheduled flight are introduced on an Imperial Airways flight from London to Paris.
1927 – The Union Labor Life Insurance Company is founded by the American Federation of Labor .
1930 – The dwarf planet Pluto is officially named.
1931 – The Empire State Building is dedicated in New York City.
1940 – The 1940 Summer Olympics are cancelled due to war.
1941 – World War II: German forces launch a major attack on Tobruk .
1945 – World War II: A German newsreader officially announces that Adolf Hitler has "fallen at his command post in the Reich Chancellery fighting to the last breath against Bolshevism and for Germany".
1945 – The Yugoslav partisans free Trieste .
1946 – Start of 3 year Pilbara strike of Indigenous Australians .
1946 – The Paris Peace Conference concludes that the islands of the Dodecanese should be returned to Greece by Italy .
1947 – Portella della Ginestra massacre against May Day celebrations in Sicily by the bandit and separatist leader Salvatore Giuliano ; 11 persons were killed and 33 wounded.
1948 – The Democratic People's Republic of Korea (North Korea ) is established, with Kim Il-sung as leader.
1950 – Guam is organized as a United States commonwealth .
1956 – The polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk is made available to the public.
1956 – A doctor in Japan reports an "epidemic of an unknown disease of the central nervous system", marking the official discovery of Minamata disease .
1957 – 34 of 35 people aboard were killed when a Vickers Viking airliner crashed in Hampshire England.
1960 – Formation of the western Indian states of Gujarat and Maharashtra .
1960 – Cold War : U-2 incident – Francis Gary Powers , in a Lockheed U-2 spyplane , is shot down over the Soviet Union , sparking a diplomatic crisis.
1961 – The Prime Minister of Cuba , Fidel Castro , proclaims Cuba a socialist nation and abolishes elections.
1965 – Battle of Dong-Yin , a naval conflict between ROC and PRC, takes place.
1970 – Protests erupt in Seattle, Washington , following the announcement by U.S. President Richard Nixon that U.S. Forces in Vietnam would pursue enemy troops into Cambodia , a neutral country.
1971 – Amtrak (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) is formed to take over U.S. passenger rail service.
1977 – 36 people are killed in Taksim Square , Istanbul , during the Labour Day celebrations.
1978 – Japan's Naomi Uemura , travelling by dog sled , becomes the first person to reach the North Pole alone.
1982 – The 1982 World's Fair opens in Knoxville, Tennessee .
1982 – Operation Black Buck : The Royal Air Force attacks the Argentine Air Force during Falklands War .
1983 – Greek composer Mikis Theodorakis is awarded the Lenin Peace Prize .
1987 – Pope John Paul II beatifies Edith Stein , a Jewish-born Carmelite nun who was gassed in the Nazi concentration camp at Auschwitz .
1989 – Disney-MGM Studios opens at Walt Disney World near Orlando, Florida , United States.
1990 – The former Philippine Episcopal Church (supervised by the Episcopal Church of the United States of America ) was granted full autonomy and raised to the status of an Autocephalous Anglican Province and renamed the Episcopal Church of the Philippines .
1991 – Rickey Henderson of the Oakland Athletics steals his 939th base, making him the all-time leader in this category. However, his accomplishment is overshadowed later that evening by Nolan Ryan of the Texas Rangers , when he pitches his seventh career no-hitter , breaking his own record.
1994 – Three-time Formula One world champion Ayrton Senna is killed in an accident during the San Marino Grand Prix at Imola .
1995 – Croatian forces launch Operation Flash during the Croatian War of Independence .
2001 – Philippine President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo declares the existence of "a state of rebellion", hours after thousands of supporters of her arrested predecessor, Joseph Estrada , storm towards the presidential palace at the height of the EDSA III rebellion .
2003 – 2003 invasion of Iraq : In what becomes known as the "Mission Accomplished " speech, on board the USS Abraham Lincoln (off the coast of California ), U.S. President George W. Bush declares that "major combat operations in Iraq have ended".
2004 – Cyprus , Czech Republic , Estonia , Hungary , Latvia , Lithuania , Malta , Poland , Slovakia , and Slovenia join the European Union , celebrated at the residence of the Irish President in Dublin .
2006 – The Puerto Rican government closes the Department of Education and 42 other government agencies due to significant shortages in cash flow.
2007 – the Los Angeles May Day mêlée occurs, in which the Los Angeles Police Department 's response to a May Day pro-immigration rally become a matter of controversy.
2008 – The London Agreement on translation of European patents , concluded in 2000, enters into force in 14 of the 34 Contracting States to the European Patent Convention .
2009 – Same-sex marriage is legalized in Sweden
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